ABSTRACT
Background: Urolithiasis is a burgeoning disease that results from pathological biomineralization. Daucuscarota L. is a widely consumed food crop with reported nephroprotective and diuretic activity. Its potential for Ashmari bhedan (destruction of stone/calculi) or treatment of urinary calculi has been exploredtraditionally. However, no scientific evidence is available to prove its antiurolithiatic efficacy. Moreover,establishing the antiurolithiatic effects of D. carota, an extensively consumed commodity with numeroushealth benefits, would provide a beneficial dietary measure for the prevention and cure of urolithiasis.Objective: The study aimed at investigating in vivo antiurolithiatic potential of hydroethanolic extract ofD. carota roots against calcium oxalate urolithiasis.Materials and methods: Ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride induced hyperoxaluria model of urolithiasis in male Wistar rats was used for the study. Urine and serum parameters and, kidney histopathology was used to determine the antilithic efficacy of D. carota root extract.Results: D. carota extract significantly ameliorated abnormal urinary levels of calcium, oxalate, phosphate, magnesium, citrate, protein and uric acid in lithogenic rats. Serum BUN, creatinine and uric acidlevels; and calcium, phosphate and oxalate deposition in kidney tissue were also rendered normalfollowing D. carota treatment. D. carota extract also prevented oxidative stress mediated renal tissuedegeneration both prophylactically and curatively.Conclusion: This study suggests antiurolithiatic effect of D. carota roots, which can be attributed to itsanticrystallization property, ability to ameliorate urine and serum biochemistry and renal cellularity
ABSTRACT
Primary splenic angiosarcomas (PSA) arise from splenic endothelium are rare and impose a diagnostic challenge preoperative. They can present as asymptomatic splenomegaly however; the commonest presentation is abdominal pain. The spleen can rapidly increase in size and can manifest as spontaneous rupture which would cause peritoneal dissemination of disease. Early metastasis of PSA is seen in liver, lungs, lymph nodes and gastrointestinal system. Preoperative diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and ultrasound, contrast enhanced computerized tomography may essential to differentiate from splenic hemangioma. Splenic angiosarcoma are best treated with splenectomy with a limited disease, with care taken not to rupture and cause spillage. PSA are resistant to adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. Mortality is high with median survival rate of only 5 months, irrespective of treatment and hence the need to diagnose before complications. Bisphosphonates, adjuvant radiation with chemotherapy have been attempted to increase disease free survival. We report a case of PSA emphasizes on early preoperative diagnosis to avoid progression of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Background: The Talus is one of the important Tarsal bones. It carries the entire body weight and acts as aconnecting link between the leg and the foot. Talus transmits weight from tibia to calcaneus. It’s a peculiar bonebecause major part of it is covered by articular cartilage and it is devoid of any muscle attachments. Since ittransmits large amount of weight many ligaments are attached to it. Various authors have studied on calcanealarticular facets of Talus and classified Talus based on it, very less data is available from North Karnataka region.Hence, the present study was carried out.Materials and Methods: The present study was under taken on 200 dry adult human tali out of them 94 were rightsided and 106 were left sided, obtained from bone library of Department of Anatomy, Mahadevappa RampureMedical College, Kalaburgi and first year MBBS students of 2019- 2020 batch and were of unknown sex. The taluswere looked for the number and type of calcaneal facets on its inferior surface and data recorded.Results: Total of 200 tali (94 right sided and 106 left sided) of unknown sex were studied. Type II was the mostcommon in occurrence in this region, total of 148 (74%) were Type II, 69(73.40%) rt and 79(74.52%) lt, then wasType I – 41 (20.5%), 20 (21.27 %) rt, 21(19.8%) lt. Type IV- 7(3.5%), 03 (3.19%) rt, 04 (3.7%) on lt, Type III – 03 (1.5%),01 (1.06) rt, 02 (1.88) , the least in occurrence was Type V- 01 (0.53%), 01(1.06%) rt, nil on lt side.Conclusion: The tali can be classified on the basis of presence of number of calcaneal facets, which determinesthe stability. The most common type is Type II, even in this region as in many other part of India
ABSTRACT
Background: Maxillary bones constitute the front of face and upper jaw. The orbital surface is marked by theridge of bone which form the lower and inner half of the orbital opening. Just below the outer part of this ridge isthe infra-orbital foramen through which the infra-orbital branch of the second division of 5th cranial nervepasses to the skin of the face. The present study was conducted to know the precise location of Infra- orbitalforamen in dry human skulls in North Karnataka region.Materials and Methods: Fifty dry adult human skulls of unknown age and sex were examined at the DepartmentOf Anatomy, Mahadevappa Rampure Medical college, Kalaburgi. Both sides of skull were assessed by inspection.Following certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, total foramen studied were 100. The shape, direction, diametersand orientation of the foramen with respect to upper teeth was noted.Distance of IOF from IOM, PA and UAM wererecorded.The measurements were carried out using Vernier calipers. Data collected was subjected to variousstatistical analysis.Results: Majority of IOF’s were Oval in shape and many were vertically oval. Most of the foramen were directedInfero- medially, rest of them were directed vertically downwards. IOF in many skulls were present at the level of2nd premolar. Mean value of distance of IOF from IOM is 6.6mm +/- 1.5mm on right and 6.02mm +/- 1.6mm on left,from PA is 14.9 mm +/- 2.3mm on right and 14.1mm +/- 2.4 on left side and from UAM is about 24.8mm +/- 2.9mmon right and 21.9mm +/- 4.7mm on left side. Median value of distance of IOF from IOM is 7mm & 6mm, from PAis 14.5mm & 13mm, from UAM is 25mm & 22mm, on right and left side respectively. Mode value of IOF from IOMis 6mm & 7mm, from PA is 14mm & 13mm, from UAM is 24mm & 22mm, 24mm on right and left side respectively.Conclusion: Results of the present study may help in Maxillofacial surgeries, Rhinoplasty, Treatment of TrigeminalNeuralgia and Cryotherapy in North Karnataka population.